Little known but widespread: our expert describes HPV from A to Z

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Cath Luyten, An-Katrien Casselman and Flo Windey asked all their questions about HPV to our expert Dr. Vergauwen, gynaecologist, during an awareness campaign about the Human Papillomavirus, better known as HPV.

What is HPV?

The Human Papillomavirus is a family of viruses with more than 200 types¹, which specifically infect the skin and mucous membranes of both men and women². These viruses are mainly transmitted through sexual contact and intimate skin-to-skin contact. More than 80% of sexually active people will be infected during their lifetime³.

In 90% of cases², an HPV infection goes unnoticed, but certain types of HPV remain dormant in the body and can cause genital warts or cancer (cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, penis, head and neck) without immediate symptoms. The Human Papillomavirus is responsible for 99% of cervical cancer cases².

How can the risk of new infection be reduced?

It is of course advisable to get vaccinated at a young age (recommended from the age of 9), but the HPV vaccine can also protect you as an adult.

Is it too late to get vaccinated?

No, because even if you have already had an HPV infection, vaccination can still protect you against the HPV types present in the vaccine.

How can the consequences of an infection be limited?

HPV prevention is an important public health issue. By protecting ourselves through vaccination and regular Pap smears, we can significantly reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers and diseases. Talk to your doctor for personalized advice and help raise awareness of this critical health issue for those around you.

1. ECDC 2020. Guidance on HPV vaccination in EU countries: focus on boys, people living with HIV and 9-valent HPV vaccine introduction (europa.eu). Last access: 03/2024..

2. Conseil Supérieur de la Santé. Vaccination against infections caused by human papillomavirus. Brussels : CSS; 2017. Avis n° 9181.

3. Chesson HW et al. The estimated lifetime probability of acquiring human papillomavirus in the US. Sex Transm Dis 2014;11:660-664

This is a communication from the MSD laboratories. This article reflects the views of the authors and not necessarily those of MSD.

BE-NON-02197 – Date of last revision:06/2024