Money & Finance

Borno’s Multi-Billion-Naira Rehabilitation Scheme: Fueling Boko Haram?

Borno’s multi-billion-naira rehabilitation scheme for repentant Boko Haram fighters is under fire as some abscond and victims cry foul.

Published

3 weeks ago

October 1, 2026

Paul Nwogo

Borno's Multi-Billion-Naira Rehabilitation Scheme: Fueling Boko Haram?

In Banki, a border town in Borno State, some “repentant” Boko Haram members who went through the state’s multi-billion-naira rehabilitation scheme have reportedly returned to terror camps. Locals say they took arms, ammunition, and military supplies from security outposts. The Borno rehabilitation scheme was sold as a peaceful path out of a decade-long insurgency. Now, it is raising serious security and money questions.

Alhaji Mustapha Sani, a local Muslim cleric, told TruthNigeria that residents naver trusted the process. “We never believed they had repented. The only repented terrorists are dead ones,” he said. On September 28, reports said four rehabilitated former insurgents had gone back to terror camps. Security commentator Ezechukwu Okonkwo, known as English Alhaji, said in a video that some former insurgents were issued military-style uniforms that could make them look like soldiers.

For displaced communities across the Lake Chad Basin, this deepens concerns about how government resources are shared between former insurgents and conflict victims.

Table of Contents

What the Borno Rehabilitation Scheme Actually Spends On

The Borno State Government, under Governor Babagana Umara Zulum, has invested heavily in processing, feeding, housing, and reintegrating people who surrendered after participating in the insurgency. Official claims cited in public reporting put the number of surrendered fighters and family members processed through state-managed facilities, including the Hajj Camp in Maiduguri, at more than 160,000.

Participants have reportedly received stipends, vocational traning, and starter packages. To reassure a skeptical public, Governor Zulum and state security officials have emphasized the use of Quranic oaths as part of the reintegration process. Commissioner for Women Affairs and Social Development Zuwaira Gambo has publicly argued that a Muslim former terrorist who swears an oath on the Quran would not return to killing civilians.

But civil society and humanitarian actors continue to debate the ethics, effectiveness, and security implications of the policy. The Peace Ambassador Centre for Humanitarian and Empowerment (PACHE), led by Amb. Ahmed Shehu, has campaigned in Borno for communities to forgive and accept surrendered fighters. Community leaders representing victims disagree.

Victims Say They Are Left Behind

Joseph Shawulu, a survivor who fled Banki after insurgent raids and now lives as an internally displaced person in Maiduguri, told TruthNigeria that victims receive far less assistance. “Victims have no opportunity to get rehabilitated. We are suffering, while only terrorists benefit from government packages,” Shawulu said. “This is a total travesty of justice.”

Gavvs Katiya, Chairman of the Gwoza Refugees Resettlement Initiative, described the rehabilitation programme as a misplaced priority that risks rewarding perpetrators while neglecting those they harmed. “Rehabilitation is a misplaced priority executed at the detriment of victims,” Katiya said. “The terrorists are just buying time, not repenting. They are using these government programs to rest, rearm, and return to killings.”

Security analysts and counter-insurgency observers in the Lake Chad region have previously cautioned against treating mass surrenders as automatic evidence of ideological transformation. Analyst Zagazola Makama has argued that some fighters may surrender because of military pressure, shortages of food and logistics, or internal factional conflict, rather than because they have abandoned the ideology that drove their participation in violence.

That distinction matters for any rehabilitation programme: surender, screening, deradicalization, and reintegration are different stages. Each carries security risks that require verification and monitoring.

A Sharp Divide in Policy Priorities

For displaced victims, the picture is markedly different. Internally displaced civilians continue to report shortages of food, shelter, water, and basic healthcare. This raises questions about whether public resources are being distributed in a way that adequately addresses the needs of those who suffered the insurgency.

Under the deradicalization and reintegration initiative, surrendered Boko Haram and ISWAP combatants and their families are reported to receive food, accommodation, stipends, vocational training, and starter packages before release. Meanwhile, reporting by HumAngle has documented shortages affecting internally displaced people, including food and water scarcity.

Inspector Supol Ghaida G Emthe told TruthNigeria that individuals who passed through rehabilitation facilities could potentially gain knowledge of military formations, perimeter arrangements, and weaknesses in local defenses before absconding. If weapons or tactical equipment were removed from security facilities by people undergoing rehabilitation, that would raise questions about screening, supervision, inventory controls, and post-release monitoring. Such allegations require prompt investigation and independent verification by the relevant security authorities.

For communities asked to accept former insurgents in the name of reconciliation, the central question is whether reintegration is being matched by adequate safeguards and comparable assistance for victims. Gavvs Katiya told TruthNigeria that continued prioritization of surrendered insurgents over victims risks perpetuating a cycle in which public resources are spent without sufficiently protecting the people who suffered the original violence.

What This Means for Nigerians Watching Public Money

The Borno rehabilitation scheme is a case study in how quickly a well-funded public program can lose public trust. Billions of naira have gone into processing, feeding, and resettling former fighters. Yet victms say they are still waiting for food, water, and shelter. And now, some of the rehabilitated are accused of returning to the battlefield.

If you are a Nigerian taxpayer, this is your money. You cannot directly audit a state security program. But you can ask questions. Follow the reporting from credible outlets. Demand that your representatives in the Borno State House of Assembly and the National Assembly ask for independent verification of who is being rehabilitated, what they receive, and how they are monitored after release.

When you see a government program that spends billions on one group while another group suffers, treat it as a warning sign. The lesson from Borno is simple: money without accountability does not buy peace. It can buy time for the wrong people.

Stay informed. Share verified information. And hold leaders to the same standards they set for the rest of us.

Frequently Asked Questions (Borno rehabilitation scheme)

What is the Borno rehabilitation scheme?

It is a Borno State Government program under Governor Babagana Umara Zulum that processes, feeds, houses, and reintegrates surrendered Boko Haram and ISWAP fighters and their families. Over 160,000 people have reportedly gone through facilities like the Hajj Camp in Maiduguri, receiving stipends, vocational training, and starter packages.

How much has the Borno rehabilitation scheme cost?

The exact total was not disclosed in the source material. However, it is described as a multi-billion-naira scheme funded by public resources.

Why are people criticizing the Borno rehabilitation scheme?

Critics say it prioritizes former insurgents over victims. Somee rehabilitated fighters have allegedly returned to terror camps with arms and ammunition. Displaced victims report shortages of food, shelter, water, and healthcare, and say they receive far less assistance than former fighters.

About the Author

AfriLatest covers tech, money, business, education, and automotive news for Nigerian and African readers.

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Money & Finance

Dollar-To-Naira Exchange Rate Today: ₦1,332 vs ₦1,380

Dollar-to-naira exchange rate today: official ₦1,332, BDC ₦1,380. What the ₦48 gap costs on $100, $1,000 and tuition bills.

Published

2 days ago

October 21, 2026

Paul Nwogo

Dollar-To-Naira Exchange Rate Today: ₦1,332 vs ₦1,380

Every rate check begins with a promise: that the figure on the screen is the figure you will pay. On Tuesday, October 20, 2026, that promise held only for people who knew which counter they were standing at.

The dollar-to-naira exchange rate today quoted roughly ₦1,332 per dollar on the official Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market (NFEM) reference, against about ₦1,380 per dollar for a buyer walking into a Bureau de Change, according to Vanguard’s market report. That ₦48 gap per dollar is not a rounding error. On $100 it is ₦4,800. On a $10,000 overseas tuition payment it is ₦480,000.

What The Dollar-To-Naira Exchange Rate Today Quotes At The Counter

The published quotes for Tuesday morning read as follows: official NFEM reference near ₦1,332; parallel-market buying around ₦1,365; parallel-market selling around ₦1,380. Vanguard’s own conversion puts $100 at ₦133,200 through the official window and ₦138,000 at the parallel selling rate.

Monday’s numbers, reported separately by TechEconomy and Investors King, were wider still: official ₦1,333.54, parallel buying ₦1,375, parallel selling ₦1,390 — a ₦56.46 gap between the official rate and the street selling price.

Then there is a fourth figure. ExchangeRates.org.uk recorded USD/NGN near ₦1,328.22 at its 11:53 reading on Tuesday, down about 0.4% from Monday’s close.

Four numbers — ₦1,328.22, ₦1,332, ₦1,333.54, ₦1,334.20 — are not a contradiction. They are different measurements taken at different moments on different instruments. A volume-weighted reference rate, a closing rate and a live market reading are not interchangeable. A quote without a timestamp is a rumour.

The Fee Is The Spread, And It Moves While You Queue

BDC operators do not advertise a commission. Their margin sits inside the two-way quote.

On Monday the buying rate was ₦1,375 and the selling rate ₦1,390 — a ₦15 spread per dollar. Tuesday’s quotes show ₦1,365 and ₦1,380: the same ₦15 margin, on a slightly cheaper dollar. Anyone tracking the dollar-to-naira exchange rate today should watch that spread as closely as the headline figure.

For a household, the arithmetic is blunt. Selling $1,000 on Monday returned ₦1,375,000. Buying the same $1,000 on Monday cost ₦1,390,000. Between Monday and Tuesday the selling rate dropped ₦10 per dollar — ₦10,000 saved on a $1,000 purchase by waiting one day, more than most buyers can negotiate by walking between dealers.

The source reports also note that BDC quotes vary by location, dealer and transaction size. The published figure is indicative, not a price honoured across the country.

A ₦1,250 Forecast And What It Would Do To A Tuition Bill

Goldman Sachs kept its 12-month USD/NGN projection at ₦1,250, roughly October 2027, about 5.9% below Tuesday’s reading. Its three-month forecast sits at ₦1,300.

The bank’s reasoning, as reported: “On the other side of the terms-of-trade shock, we remain constructive on the Nigerian Naira,” with support from elevated FX reserves, higher oil export prices and portfolio inflows into high-carry instruments. Nigeria’s external reserves stood at $55.07 billion as of October 9, 2026.

Run the arithmetic on a $10,000 obligation. At ₦1,328.22 the naira cost is about ₦13.28 million. At Goldman’s ₦1,250 it would be ₦12.5 million — ₦782,000 less. That is real money for a family funding a master’s degree abroad.

Two cautions belong next to that figure. First, it is a forecast, not a commitment, and Goldman itself flags that the central bank “is still leaning against the currency appreciation pressures” — buying incoming dollars to build reserves can hold the rate back even when external finances improve. Second, many Nigerian households buy at the parallel rate, which does not track the official quote one-for-one.

Inflation belongs in the same conversation. September inflation fell to 14.63% from 15.39%, after the CBN reset its policy rate to 23%. The bank said members believed the current environment “supports such a recalibration without undermining the disinflation process.” A stronger naira lowers the naira cost of imports. Inflation at 14.63% still raises the cost of nearly everything else, which is why a cheaper dollar does not automatically feel like a cheaper month.

Is It Safe To Use The Parallel Market?

Safety here is about counterparty, not price. Both Vanguard and Investors King advise confirming the applicable rate with a bank or a licensed Bureau de Change operator before a transaction, and both warn that prices can change during the trading day.

The source material does not describe any receipt, refund or dispute-resolution mechanism for BDC transactions. That absence is the finding. A buyer who pays cash at a counter has little documented recourse if the notes fall short or the rate shifts mid-count. Licensed operators are the regulated channel. Unlicensed street dealers are not, and the space between a licensed quote and a street quote is where fraud lives.

None of the above is individualized advice. It is a checking routine: confirm the timestamp, confirm the two-way quote, compare the spread against the day’s movement, and confirm the dealer’s licence before cash changes hands.

The dollar-to-naira exchange rate today is best read as a price list with an expiry measured in hours. ₦1,332 on the screen, ₦1,380 at the counter, and a ₦4,800 difference on a $100 purchase — that is the real cost of the gap between the official window and the street, and it lands on students, travellers and importers before it lands on anyone else.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the dollar-to-naira exchange rate today, October 20, 2026?

The official NFEM reference rate was approximately ₦1,332 per dollar. Parallel-market BDC quotes were around ₦1,365 for buying and ₦1,380 for selling. ExchangeRates.org.uk recorded a market reading of ₦1,328.22 at 11:53. All figures are indicative and change during the trading day.

How much is $100 in naira at today’s rate?

At the published quotes, $100 is about ₦133,200 at the official reference rate and about ₦138,000 at the parallel selling rate — a difference of roughly ₦4,800 depending on which channel you use.

Is Goldman Sachs’ ₦1,250 forecast a guarantee?

No. It is a 12-month projection for roughly October 2027, about 5.9% below the ₦1,328.22 reading on October 20. Goldman also notes the central bank has been leaning against currency appreciation, which could slow any move toward that level.

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            About Paul Nwogo
            Paul Nwogo is an engineer, published author, and the Head Manager at AfriLatest. He has written numerous books available on Amazon covering a diverse range of topics, including health, personal finance, relationships, work ethics, and scam survival. With his technical background and passion for writing, Paul now oversees the editorial direction of AfriLatest, delivering practical, accurate, and engaging content on trending news, music, and global lifestyle topics.
            View all articles by Paul Nwogo

Fintech

OPay Earns More From Lending Than Payments: What It Means for You

OPay earns more from lending than payments. Learn how this shift affects your wallet, your savings, and your loan options as a Nigerian user.

Published

1 week ago

October 15, 2026

Rosabella Eboh

OPay Earns More From Lending Than Payments: What It Means for You

OPay earns more from lending than payments, and that changes how you should use the app. If you are one of the millions of Nigerians who open OPay for transfers, airtime, or bills, you are now using a lending company that happens to offer payments. That is not a bad thing. But it means your loan offers, your savings rates, and even your transaction limits are being shaped by a business that makes its real money when you borrow.

Here is how to read the shift, protect your wallet, and decide whether OPay’s credit products deserve a place in your financial life.

Why OPay’s Lending Business Matters To You

OPay earns more from lending than payments

When a fintech makes more from lending than payments, it stops being a neutral pipe for your money. It becomes a bank in everything but name, minus the deposit insurance.

That matters because lending is where the profit is. Payment fees are thin. Interest on loans is fat. So the company’s incentives change: it wants you to borrow, repay on time, and borrow again.

For you, the upside is real. OPay and similar apps can offer small, fast loans that traditional banks will not give a trader in Onitsha or a salary earner in Ibadan. The downside is also real. Easy credit can trap you in a cycle of repayment that eats your monthly income.

Step 1: Check Your OPay Loan Offer Before You Tap It

Open the OPay app and look at the loan section. You will typically see a credit limit, a tenor, and a repayment amount. Before you accept, write down three numbers: how much you are borrowing, how much you will repay in total, and how many days you have.

If the total repayment is more than 20 percent above the principal for a 30-day loan, that is expensive money. Compare that to what a friend or a cooperative would charge you. If OPay is cheaper and you can repay from confirmed income, it can work. If you are borrowing to pay another loan, stop.

Step 2: Separate Your Payments Wallet From Your Borrowing Wallet

Use one OPay wallet for daily transactions and never keep a loan balance sitting there. If your loan disburses into the same wallet you use for transfers, you will spend it before the repayment date.

Move the loan money to the specific purpose immediately. Pay the supplier. Buy the stock. Settle the school fee. Then delete the temptation to redraw.

Step 3: Watch The Interest And Fees On Rollovers

Many digital lenders in Nigeria make their margin when you roll over a loan. The current rollover fee structure for OPay was not disclosed in the source material, so check your own app for the exact charge.

As a rule, if you roll over twice, you are likely paying more in fees than the original loan was worth. That is how people end up owing N80,000 on a N50,000 loan.

Step 4: Use OPay Savings Only For Short-Term Goals

OPay offers savings products, but remember that a lending-led business is not a licensed deposit bank in the same way your commercial bank is. Keep only money you will need within three to six months there. Your rent savings, your emergency fund, and your children’s school fees belong in a bank or a treasury bill.

The BNPL Warning Every OPay User Should Read

Buy now, pay later is growing fast. According to LendingTree, 35 percent of consumers were considering a BNPL loan in December 2024, and 47 percent of BNPL users had made a late payment. That is a warning, not a statistic.

OPay’s lending push follows the same playbook. Small loans feel painless until the repayment date. If you cannot pay cash for it today, a BNPL plan does not make it affordable. It makes it delayed.

What To Do When You Cannot Repay On Time

Call or chat with OPay support before the due date, not after. Ask for a restructuring or an extension in writing. Do not ignore the messages. Default on a digital loan can affect your ability to borrow elsewhere and may lead to aggressive recovery calls.

The student loan crisis in the United States, covered by PBS News, shows what happens when borrowers take on debt they cannot service. The lesson for Nigerians is simple: do not let a small loan become a long-term problem.

How To Compare OPay Loans With Other Options

Before you borrow, compare three things: total cost, speed, and flexibility. A bank overdraft may be cheaper but slower. A cooperative loan may be cheaper but requires savings history. A friend may be free but carries social risk.

OPay wins on speed and access. It rarely wins on price. Use it for emergencies and short gaps, not for funding a lifestyle.

A Simple Rule For Every OPay User

If OPay earns more from lending than payments, then your job is to make sure you earn more from using OPay than OPay earns from you. That means borrowing only when the return is clear, repaying early when you can, and keeping your savings where they are protected.

The first step to take today: open your OPay app, check your current loan offer and any active repayment, and write down the exact total cost. If it does not make sense, close the app and walk away. Your future self will thank you.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does OPay make more money from loans than from transfers?

Yes. OPay earns more from lending than payments, meaning interest and fees on loans now drive more revenue than transaction charges.

Are OPay loans safe to take?

OPay loans are safe if you can repay from confirmed income and the total cost is clear. Avoid rollovers, and never borrow to pay another loan.

Should I keep my savings in OPay?

Keep only short-term money in OPay savings. Long-term savings belong in a licensed bank or treasury bills for better protection.

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Fintech

OPay Files for $500M NYSE IPO: What Nigerian Investors Should Do

OPay files for $500m NYSE IPO and plans a secondary listing on NGX. Here’s what Nigerian investors should know and do next.

Published

1 week ago

October 13, 2026

Paul Nwogo

OPay Files for $500M NYSE IPO: What Nigerian Investors Should Do

OPay files for $500m NYSE IPO, and that single filing changes how you should think about the fintech apps on your phone. The company wants to raise up to $500 million in the United States and has also secured board and shareholder approval to pursue a secondary listing on the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX).

This guide walks you through what the filing actually says, what it means for your money, and the concrete steps you can take now.

What The Filing Actually Says

OPay filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for an initial public offering estimated to raise up to $500 million, according to Independent Newspapers. The company plans to list on the NYSE under the ticker symbol OPAY.

The numbers behind the filing are the interesting part. First-half revenue more than doubled to $467.1 million, and net income rose to $90.9 million. For the 12 months ended June 30, 2026, OPay booked $806 million in revenue.

That is not small money for a company founded in 2017 in Singapore with its biggest market in Nigeria.

Where The Revenue Comes From

OPay does not make money from one source. It earns from transaction-based services (payments and acquiring), loan financing services (interest on self-originated loans), loan facilitation services (fees net of lender and insurance costs), and interest income from short-term investments supporting its savings products.

If you use OPay for transfers, savings, or loans, you are part of that revenue mix. The company also applies AI-driven risk analytics for fraud prevention and underwriting, which it cites as a key competitive strength.

How Big Is OPay In Nigeria

The filing states OPay was the number one finance app in Africa and the Middle East, with a 9.9 per cent market share based on monthly active users in the six months ended June 30, 2026. As of July 31, 2026, it was the country’s number two app across all categories based on daily active users.

Beyond Nigeria, OPay operates in Indonesia (loan facilitation), Egypt (merchant acquiring services), and Pakistan (merchant acquiring and consumer wallet services).

Step 1: Understand The Two Listings

There are two separate events here, and confusing them will cost you.

First is the primary listing on the NYSE. That is where the estimated $500 million raise happens. No pricing terms were disclosed, and the preliminary prospectus has not specified the offer price, number of securities to be sold, or expected proceeds.

Second is the secondary listing on the NGX. OPay obtained board and shareholder approval to pursue this after the NYSE listing completes, according to Nigeria Communications Week.

Step 2: Know What The NGX Listing Does Not Mean

The approval does not mean the Nigerian listing has been completed or that trading will begin immediately. OPay itself stated that the proposed Nigerian listing would depend on market conditions, regulatory approvals, and compliance with applicable Nigerian securities laws and NGX requirements.

The company has not disclosed the proposed size of the Nigerian offering or the percentage of its shares it intends to make available on the NGX. That matters because the scale of the opportunity for domestic investors depends on the number of shares available, the eventual pricing, the listing timetable, and the level of trading activity after admission.

Step 3: Watch The Valuation Gap

Reports surrounding the US IPO point to a valuation of approximately $4 billion. The joint bookrunners on the deal include Citi, Deutsche Bank, Standard Bank, and CICC. Other reporting names Citigroup, Deutsche Bank, and JPMorgan Chase as managing the US offering.

A $4 billion valuation on $806 million in trailing 12-month revenue is a specific multiple. Whether that holds at pricing depends on market conditions between now and the actual listing date.

Step 4: Decide How You Want Exposure

If you want OPay exposure, you have two potential routes.

Route one is buying OPAY shares on the NYSE after listing. That requires a broker with US market access, dollar funding, and tolerance for currency risk if you earn naira.

Route two is waiting for the NGX secondary listing. That keeps you in naira and inside a market you already understand. The trade-off is that you do not yet know how many shares will be available locally or at what price.

Step 5: Do Not Front-Run The Listing

There is no OPay stock to buy today. Anyone offering you pre-IPO OPay shares outside a registered platform is a red flag. The company has not priced the offering, and the preliminary prospectus has not specified the number of securities to be sold.

Mistakes To Avoid

Mistake one: assuming the NGX listing is guaranteed. OPay’s own filing cautions that even if the secondary listing proceeds, there is no guarantee it will generate an active trading market or achieve the anticipated expansion of its investor base and improvement in liquidity.

Mistake two: treating a $500 million raise as a $500 million valuation. Those are different numbers. The raise is the money coming in. The valuation is what the whole company is judged to be worth.

Mistake three: ignoring the concentration risk. OPay’s operations are heavily concentrated in Nigeria. That is a strength when Nigeria’s digital payments market grows and a vulnerability when regulation, currency, or consumer spending shifts.

Why This Matters Beyond OPay

The NGX has traditionally offered limited access to fast-growing private fintech companies. In August, Temi Popoola, chief executive of the Nigerian Exchange, urged the government to encourage major businesses generating substantial revenues in Nigeria to list locally, citing fintech companies including OPay and PalmPay.

The argument is straightforward: domestic investors should have an opportunity to participate in the financial value created by companies serving millions of Nigerians, rather than being excluded when those businesses seek public-market funding abroad. If OPay’s NGX listing proceeds, it could expand the range of technology-related investment opportunities on the exchange.

Your First Step Today

Open your broker app or call your stockbroker and ask two questions: do you offer access to NYSE-listed stocks, and will you support the OPay NGX listing when it opens? If the answer to both is no, start looking for a broker that does.

OPay files for $500m NYSE IPO, but the money decision is yours. Get your brokerage access sorted now, before the pricing terms drop and the queue forms.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I buy OPay shares right now?

No. OPay has filed for an IPO but no pricing terms were disclosed. There is no OPAY stock trading yet on the NYSE or the NGX. Anyone offering you pre-IPO OPay shares outside a registered platform should be treated with suspicion.

When will OPay list on the Nigerian Exchange?

OPay has board and shareholder approval to pursue an NGX secondary listing after its NYSE primary listing, but no date has been disclosed. The company stated the listing depends on market conditions, regulatory approvals, and compliance with Nigerian securities laws and NGX requirements.

How much is OPay trying to raise?

The IPO is estimated to raise up to $500 million. Reports surrounding the US offering point to a target valuation of approximately $4 billion. The preliminary prospectus has not specified the offer price, number of securities to be sold, or expected proceeds.